13 December 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen Ambassadors, I am pleased to meet with you, in the heart of international Geneva, for this discussion on the theme of inclusive and sustainable global trade, a crucial issue for both the present and the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thank you, dear NGOZI, for your kind invitation. I commend your leadership at the helm of the Organization and extend my continued encouragement and support as you carry out your delicate mission in service of the member states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thank you, Madam Ambassador MOLOKOMME, Chair of the General Council, for your valuable efforts in leading the Council’s work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n I greet the representatives of the countries and organizations present here, and I reaffirm Senegal’s commitment to the friendly relations that unite us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ladies and Gentlemen,<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Since ancient times, trade, in its fundamental role of exchange and connection, has always been a driver of progress, peace, security, friendship, and human fraternity. As such, trade creates bonds and brings people together. While it may not prevent the harms of war, it certainly highlights the benefits of peace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In modern times, the global trading system has changed dramatically in terms of its volume, complexity, and the numerous challenges associated with it. But its purpose remains the same: to establish legal security and create conditions of trust and mutual benefit between the parties involved. Trade suffers whenever one of these parameters is broken.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is in this spirit that the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of October 1947, and its successor in January 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO), were established.<\/p>\n\n\n\n With 164 member states representing 98% of global trade, the WTO has gained universality, and its achievements are significant, such as the recent adoption of the Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies, after two decades of difficult negotiations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n By concluding this historic Agreement, member states have taken a major step forward in ensuring the sustainability of oceans by prohibiting harmful fishing subsidies, in response to the depletion of fishery resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is fortunate that the Agreement takes into account the specific needs of artisanal fishing and provides a transition period for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) to implement certain provisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is important that the Technical Assistance and Capacity-Building Fund, established by the Agreement, becomes fully operational once the text enters into force, to assist beneficiary countries with its implementation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Senegal remains fully committed to the second phase of negotiations on fishing subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and overfishing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A comprehensive agreement on fishing subsidies will indeed contribute to efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal related to protecting oceans, seas, and their resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n I also welcome the significant outcomes of the 12th Ministerial Conference, particularly those concerning the urgent response to food insecurity and preparedness for future health crises, including the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n This is an important step towards better integrating Africa into global production, distribution, and supply chains, especially in the context of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and our quest for pharmaceutical and medical sovereignty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n On this note, I am pleased to announce that the Institut Pasteur in Dakar, which has been producing and distributing the yellow fever vaccine since 1937, is undertaking an ambitious project to establish a multidimensional vaccine hub that includes a full production line for vaccines using messenger RNA technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n For us, developing countries, the challenge of global trade between actors of unequal strength primarily revolves around equity, justice, and respect for international law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n For global trade to be sustainable, it must be beneficial to all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trade cannot be sustainable when those who have more always gain more, and those who have less always lose more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trade cannot be sustainable when the free movement of people, goods, and services, supposedly governed by the virtues of market law, is distorted by the law of the strongest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trade cannot be sustainable when, through trade wars, national measures with extraterritorial effects harm third parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trade cannot be sustainable when abusive agricultural subsidies violate fair competition rules to the detriment of millions of small producers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trade cannot be sustainable when developed countries, the primary polluters, continue to use coal while prohibiting foreign financing for fossil energy sources, including gas, which is much less polluting than coal. This is neither fair nor equitable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Finally, trade cannot be sustainable when, through abusive tax evasion practices or tax holidays, taxes are not paid where wealth is created. I am particularly thinking of the digital and extractive industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n On this matter, the historic OECD Agreement of October 2021 on a global minimum tax of 15% should be welcomed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The purpose of the international trade system is to regulate exchanges for the benefit of all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n If the system does not meet its primary purpose, it deepens inequalities instead of reducing them; it increases tensions instead of easing them; it multiplies disputes instead of resolving them; it heightens the risk of its own contestation and creates conditions for its rejection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This is why we advocate for the reform of global economic and financial governance, to make it more just and inclusive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n After Africa’s admission to the G20 and the continent’s allocation of a third seat on the IMF Board of Directors, let us continue our efforts to reform the international financial architecture, including the IMF, the World Bank, and the rating agency systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In the same spirit, Senegal supports the WTO’s work on institutional reforms aimed at improving the effectiveness of its functioning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Inclusive global trade requires a functional, transparent, and accessible dispute settlement system for all members.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Moreover, equity and inclusion must remain at the heart of our agenda. Fair global trade offers all countries opportunities to create jobs or other income-generating activities, especially for young people and women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Conversely, unequal trade excludes and marginalizes most countries. It impoverishes them and contributes to the uncontrolled movement of people, including illegal migration flows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This means that inclusive and sustainable trade is not only an ideal to strive for but also a necessity and a shared interest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n When practices are fair, transparent, just, and equitable, there must be room for everyone, so that the international trading system and the Organization that embodies it can maintain their primary purpose: to promote economic and commercial exchanges, contribute to development, and foster peaceful relations between nations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thank you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 13 d\u00e9cembre 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n Excellence, Madame l\u2019Ambassadeur Athaliah Lesiba Molokomme, Pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil g\u00e9n\u00e9ral,<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs les Ambassadeurs,<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Madame la Directrice g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l\u2019Organisation mondiale du Commerce, ch\u00e8re Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Mesdames, Messieurs, <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Je suis heureux de venir \u00e0 votre rencontre, au c\u0153ur de la Gen\u00e8ve internationale, pour cet \u00e9change sur le th\u00e8me du commerce mondial inclusif et durable<\/em>, un enjeu majeur pour le pr\u00e9sent et le futur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Merci, ch\u00e8re NGOZI<\/strong>, pour ton aimable invitation. Je salue ton leadership \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l\u2019Organisation, et te renouvelle mes encouragements et mon soutien dans l\u2019exercice de ta d\u00e9licate mission au service des Etats membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Merci \u00e0 vous, Madame l\u2019Ambassadeur MOLOKOMME<\/strong>, Pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, pour les efforts appr\u00e9ciables que vous consacrez aux travaux du Conseil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Je salue les repr\u00e9sentants des pays et organisations ici pr\u00e9sents et leur renouvelle l\u2019attachement du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal aux relations amicales qui nous unissent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mesdames, Messieurs, <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Depuis les temps anciens, le commerce, dans sa vocation primordiale d\u2019\u00e9changes et de mise en relation, a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 un facteur de progr\u00e8s, de paix, de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, d\u2019amiti\u00e9 et de fraternit\u00e9 humaine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Qu\u2019il soit sous forme de troc ou mon\u00e9taire, \u00e0 l\u2019abri d\u2019un arbre, dans la petite boutique du coin, dans une grande surface, ou en ligne, le commerce vise \u00e0 cr\u00e9er de la richesse et satisfaire des besoins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n De ce fait, le commerce cr\u00e9e des affinit\u00e9s et rapproche les peuples. S\u2019il n\u2019emp\u00eache pas le m\u00e9fait de la guerre, il d\u00e9montre les bienfaits de la paix.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A l\u2019\u00e8re moderne, le syst\u00e8me commerce mondial a radicalement chang\u00e9 par son volume, sa complexit\u00e9 et les multiples enjeux qui lui sont attach\u00e9s. Mais sa finalit\u00e9 reste toujours la m\u00eame : \u00e9tablir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique et cr\u00e9er entre les parties les conditions de confiance et d\u2019avantages mutuellement b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques. Le commerce va mal chaque fois qu\u2019un de ces param\u00e8tres est rompu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u2019est dans cet esprit que l\u2019Accord g\u00e9n\u00e9ral sur le Tarif et le Commerce d\u2019octobre 1947, et son successeur en janvier 1995, l\u2019Organisation mondiale du Commerce, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 instaur\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Avec 164 Etats membres repr\u00e9sentant 98% du commerce mondial, l\u2019OMC a gagn\u00e9 en universalit\u00e9 ; et ses acquis sont importants, comme l\u2019adoption r\u00e9cente de l\u2019Accord sur les subventions \u00e0 la p\u00eache, apr\u00e8s deux d\u00e9cennies de laborieuses n\u00e9gociations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n En concluant cet Accord historique, les Etats membres ont marqu\u00e9 un grand pas en avant pour la durabilit\u00e9 des oc\u00e9ans, en interdisant les subventions pr\u00e9judiciables \u00e0 la p\u00eache, face \u00e0 la raret\u00e9 des ressources halieutiques. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Il est heureux que l’Accord ait pris en compte les besoins sp\u00e9cifiques de la p\u00eache artisanale, et pr\u00e9vu une p\u00e9riode de transition en faveur des Pays les moins avanc\u00e9s pour la mise en \u0153uvre de certaines de ses dispositions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Il est important que le Fonds d\u2019assistance technique et de renforcement des capacit\u00e9s, \u00e9tabli par l\u2019Accord, soit effectivement op\u00e9rationnel apr\u00e8s l\u2019entr\u00e9e en vigueur du texte pour aider \u00e0 son application par les pays b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal reste pleinement engag\u00e9 dans la deuxi\u00e8me phase des n\u00e9gociations portant sur les subventions \u00e0 la p\u00eache qui contribuent \u00e0 la surcapacit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la surp\u00eache.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Un Accord complet sur les subventions \u00e0 la p\u00eache contribuera en effet aux efforts de r\u00e9alisation de l\u2019Objectif de d\u00e9veloppement durable li\u00e9 \u00e0 la protection des oc\u00e9ans, des mers et de leurs ressources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Je salue \u00e9galement les r\u00e9sultats significatifs de la 12e<\/sup> Conf\u00e9rence minist\u00e9rielle, en particulier ceux concernant la r\u00e9ponse urgente \u00e0 l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et \u00e0 la pr\u00e9paration aux crises sanitaires futures, notamment l\u2019Accord sur les aspects des droits de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle touchant au commerce. <\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u2019est un pas important vers une meilleure int\u00e9gration de l\u2019Afrique dans les cha\u00eenes mondiales de production, de distribution et d\u2019approvisionnement, surtout dans le contexte de la Zone de libre \u00e9change continentale africaine (ZLECAf), et de la qu\u00eate de notre souverainet\u00e9 pharmaceutique et m\u00e9dicale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A ce sujet, je me r\u00e9jouis d\u2019annoncer ici que l\u2019Institut Pasteur de Dakar, qui produit et commercialise le vaccin contre la fi\u00e8vre jaune depuis 1937<\/strong>, est en train de r\u00e9aliser un ambitieux projet de vaccinop\u00f4le multidimensionnel qui comprend, entre autres, une chaine de production compl\u00e8te de vaccins, utilisant la technologie de l\u2019ARN messager.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pour nous, pays en d\u00e9veloppement, l\u2019enjeu du commerce mondial entre acteurs \u00e0 forces in\u00e9gales, se pose surtout en termes d\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9, de justice et de respect du droit international.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pour que le commerce mondial soit durable, il faut que chacun y trouve son compte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Le commerce ne peut \u00eatre durable<\/strong> quand ceux qui ont plus, gagnent toujours plus, et ceux qui ont moins, perdent toujours plus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Le commerce ne peut \u00eatre durable<\/strong> quand la libre circulation des personnes, des biens et services, cens\u00e9e \u00eatre r\u00e9gul\u00e9e par les vertus de la loi du march\u00e9, est fauss\u00e9e par la loi du plus fort. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Le commerce ne peut \u00eatre durable<\/strong> quand, par la guerre commerciale, des mesures nationales \u00e0 effets extraterritoriaux portent pr\u00e9judice \u00e0 des tierces parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Le commerce ne peut \u00eatre durable<\/strong> quand des subventions agricoles abusives violent les r\u00e8gles de concurrence loyale au d\u00e9triment de millions de petits producteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Le commerce ne peut \u00eatre durable<\/strong> quand des pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, principaux pollueurs, continuent d\u2019utiliser le charbon et interdisent le financement \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger des sources d\u2019\u00e9nergie fossile, y compris le gaz, pourtant beaucoup moins polluant que le charbon. Ce n\u2019est ni juste, ni \u00e9quitable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Enfin, le commerce ne peut \u00eatre durable<\/strong> quand, par des pratiques d\u2019\u00e9vasion ou de cong\u00e9s fiscaux abusifs, l\u2019imp\u00f4t n\u2019est pas pay\u00e9 l\u00e0 o\u00f9 la richesse est cr\u00e9\u00e9e. Je pense en particulier \u00e0 l\u2019industrie num\u00e9rique et extractive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A ce sujet, il faut saluer l\u2019Accord historique de l\u2019OCDE d\u2019octobre 2021, sur l\u2019imp\u00f4t minimum mondial de 15%. <\/p>\n\n\n\n La vocation du syst\u00e8me commercial international est de r\u00e9guler les \u00e9changes au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice de tous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Si le syst\u00e8me ne r\u00e9pond pas \u00e0 sa raison d\u2019\u00eatre principale, il creuse les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s au lieu de les r\u00e9duire ; il accentue les tensions au lieu de les apaiser ; il multiplie les contentieux au lieu de les r\u00e9soudre ; il aggrave les risques de sa contestation et cr\u00e9e les conditions de sa remise en cause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Voil\u00e0 pourquoi nous plaidons pour la r\u00e9forme de la gouvernance \u00e9conomique et financi\u00e8re mondiale, afin qu\u2019elle soit plus juste et plus inclusive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Apr\u00e8s l\u2019admission de l\u2019Afrique au G20 et l\u2019octroi au continent d\u2019un 3e<\/sup> si\u00e8ge au Conseil d\u2019Administration du FMI, poursuivons nos efforts pour la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019architecture financi\u00e8re internationale, y compris le FMI, la Banque mondiale et le syst\u00e8me de notation des Agences d\u2019\u00e9valuation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dans le m\u00eame esprit, le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal soutient les travaux de l\u2019OMC sur les r\u00e9formes institutionnelles visant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 du fonctionnement de ses organes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Un commerce mondial inclusif n\u00e9cessite un syst\u00e8me de r\u00e8glement des diff\u00e9rends op\u00e9rationnel, transparent et accessible \u00e0 tous les membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n En outre, l’\u00e9quit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusion doivent rester au c\u0153ur de notre agenda. Un commerce mondial \u00e9quitable offre \u00e0 tous les pays des opportunit\u00e9s d\u2019occuper leurs populations, jeunes et femmes en particulier, par la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019emplois ou d\u2019autres activit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrices de revenus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n A l\u2019inverse, le commerce in\u00e9gal exclut et marginalise la majorit\u00e9 des pays. Il les appauvrit et contribue \u00e0 la circulation mal maitris\u00e9e de populations, y compris les flux de migration clandestine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u2019est dire que le commerce inclusif et durable n’est pas seulement un id\u00e9al \u00e0 atteindre, mais une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 et un int\u00e9r\u00eat commun. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Quand les pratiques sont saines, quand elles sont transparentes, justes et \u00e9quitables, il doit y avoir de la place pour tous, afin que le syst\u00e8me commercial international et l\u2019Organisation qui l\u2019incarne gardent leur vocation premi\u00e8re\u00a0: celle de promouvoir les \u00e9changes \u00e9conomiques et commerciaux, de contribuer au d\u00e9veloppement et de favoriser des relations pacifiques entre les nations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Je vous remercie.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 13 December 2023 Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen Ambassadors,Madam Director-General of the World Trade Organization, dear Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala,Ladies and Gentlemen, I am pleased to meet with you, in the\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2982,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,8,46],"tags":[],"msf_theme":[69],"msf_place":[],"class_list":["post-2979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-publications","category-publications","category-speeches","msf_theme-development"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2979"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2984,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2979\/revisions\/2984"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2979"},{"taxonomy":"msf_theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msf_theme?post=2979"},{"taxonomy":"msf_place","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msf_place?post=2979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Madam Director-General of the World Trade Organization, dear Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala,
Ladies and Gentlemen,<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Whether through barter or monetary exchange, under the shade of a tree, in a small corner shop, a large supermarket, or online, trade aims to create wealth and meet needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nConf\u00e9rence pr\u00e9sidentielle de l’OMC<\/strong> : Pour un commerce mondial inclusif et durable<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n