19 September 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dear colleagues, Mr. Secretary-General, Ladies and Gentlemen,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The theme of this roundtable encapsulates the entire challenge of our countries\u2019 actions and their interactions to jointly tackle the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We are discussing unity, solidarity, mobilization of financing, and investment. These are the key levers to achieve the SDGs. The question remains how to activate these levers to reach our goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Secretary-General has once again sounded the alarm. According to his latest report on the progress of the SDGs, at least $500 billion must be mobilized annually to realize the 2030 Agenda. This is not beyond reach if sustainable development remains at the heart of our priorities. It is all a matter of political will.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Speaking of solidarity, my first observation is that we must mobilize more for the effective implementation of the G20 Debt Service Suspension Initiative. We know that, with a few exceptions, the initiative has yet to meet expectations. The same applies to the partial reallocation of Special Drawing Rights. I remind you that these two levers are meant to support the resilience and post-COVID recovery efforts of eligible developing countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Secondly, regarding resource mobilization, Africa is underfunded in terms of volume and poorly financed when considering the numerous obstacles it faces in accessing credit. Developing countries, particularly in Africa, bear borrowing costs up to eight times higher than developed countries. One of the main reasons for this situation is the exaggerated perception of investment risk by rating agencies, which creates a snowball effect: high insurance premiums further increase the cost of projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thirdly, if we want to change the course of things, we inevitably need to reform the rules of international economic and financial governance, including the rating criteria of evaluation agencies. The conclusions of the Paris Summit for a new global financial pact certainly provide a good basis for reform, especially for mobilizing low-cost financing sources. It also involves modernizing the Arrangement on Export Credits to make it more flexible in terms of repayment and adjusting premium rates for credit risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fourthly, we must learn from public development aid. It is still necessary to support certain sectors, but aid alone cannot develop a country. The financing needs of countries aspiring to emerge require massive investments far beyond the possibilities of public aid. We must promote a partnership logic, with appropriate mechanisms to support investment and adjust maturities to suit the assets being financed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Finally, it is crucial that the proposed reform of the international financial architecture includes the fight against abusive tax practices (tax avoidance, abusive tax holidays, tax evasion) that deprive countries of the resources needed for development financing. It is encouraging that the OECD adopted in October 2021 the historic agreement on a 15% global minimum tax, marking a significant step in combating abnormal tax practices. In the same spirit, the OECD and the G20 should further promote the adherence of all to the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting. This will help ensure taxes are paid where wealth is created.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thank you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
19 septembre 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chers coll\u00e8gues, Le th\u00e8me de cette Table ronde pose toute la probl\u00e9matique de l\u2019action de nos pays et de leur interaction pour relever ensemble le d\u00e9fi de la r\u00e9alisation des ODD. Nous parlons ici d\u2019unit\u00e9, de solidarit\u00e9, de mobilisation du financement et de l\u2019investissement. Ce sont les leviers clefs pour atteindre les ODD. La question reste de savoir comment actionner ces leviers pour y arriver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Le Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral a de nouveau sonn\u00e9 l\u2019alerte. D\u2019apr\u00e8s son dernier rapport sur l’\u00e9tat d’avancement des ODD, il faut mobiliser au moins 500 milliards de dollars par an pour la r\u00e9alisation de l\u2019Agenda 2030. Ce n\u2019est pas hors de port\u00e9e si le d\u00e9veloppement durable reste au c\u0153ur de nos priorit\u00e9s. Tout est question de volont\u00e9 politique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Comme nous parlons de solidarit\u00e9, ma premi\u00e8re observation, c\u2019est que nous devons davantage nous mobiliser pour la mise en \u0153uvre effective de l\u2019Initiative du G20 sur la suspension du service de la dette. Nous savons qu\u2019\u00e0 quelques exceptions pr\u00e8s, l\u2019Initiative ne r\u00e9pond pas encore aux attentes. Il en est de m\u00eame de la r\u00e9allocation partielle des Droits de Tirage sp\u00e9ciaux. Je rappelle que ces deux leviers sont cens\u00e9s soutenir les efforts de r\u00e9silience et de relance post COVID des pays en d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9ligibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Deuxi\u00e8me observation, s\u2019agissant de la mobilisation des ressources, l\u2019Afrique est sous-financ\u00e9e en termes de volume, et mal financ\u00e9e quand on consid\u00e8re les nombreux obstacles qu\u2019elle rencontre pour l\u2019acc\u00e8s au cr\u00e9dit. Les pays en d\u00e9veloppement, africains en particulier, supportent des co\u00fbts d\u2019emprunt jusqu\u2019\u00e0 8 fois sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux des pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s. Une des raisons principales de cette situation est li\u00e9e \u00e0 la perception exag\u00e9r\u00e9e du risque d\u2019investissement par les agences de notation ; ce qui produit un effet boule de neige : les primes d\u2019assurances sont \u00e9lev\u00e9es et rench\u00e9rissent davantage le co\u00fbt des projets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Troisi\u00e8me observation, si nous voulons changer le cours des choses, il faut in\u00e9vitablement r\u00e9former les r\u00e8gles de la gouvernance \u00e9conomique et financi\u00e8re internationale, y compris les crit\u00e8res de notation des agences d\u2019\u00e9valuation. Les conclusions du Sommet de Paris pour un nouveau Pacte financier mondial constituent certainement une bonne base de r\u00e9forme, en particulier pour la mobilisation des sources de financement \u00e0 faible co\u00fbt. Il est aussi question de moderniser l\u2019Arrangement sur les cr\u00e9dits \u00e0 l\u2019exportation de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 le rendre plus flexible en mati\u00e8re de remboursement et d\u2019ajustement des taux des primes pour les risques de cr\u00e9dit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quatri\u00e8mement, il nous faut tirer les le\u00e7ons de l\u2019aide publique au d\u00e9veloppement. Elle est certes encore n\u00e9cessaire pour accompagner certains secteurs, mais l\u2019aide ne peut pas d\u00e9velopper un pays. Les besoins de financement de pays qui aspirent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9mergence n\u00e9cessitent des investissements massifs qui d\u00e9passent de tr\u00e8s loin les possibilit\u00e9s de l\u2019aide publique. Il faut davantage promouvoir la logique de partenariat, avec des m\u00e9canismes appropri\u00e9s pour soutenir l\u2019investissement et am\u00e9nager des maturit\u00e9s adapt\u00e9es aux actifs \u00e0 financer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cinqui\u00e8mement, enfin, il est important que le projet de r\u00e9forme de l\u2019architecture financi\u00e8re internationale int\u00e8gre la lutte contre les pratiques fiscales abusives (\u00e9vitement fiscal, cong\u00e9s fiscaux abusifs, \u00e9vasion fiscale) qui privent les pays de ressources n\u00e9cessaires au financement du d\u00e9veloppement. Il est heureux que l\u2019OCDE ait adopt\u00e9 en octobre 2021 l\u2019Accord historique sur l\u2019imp\u00f4t minimum mondial de 15 %, marquant une \u00e9tape significative dans la lutte contre les pratiques fiscales anormales. Dans le m\u00eame esprit, l\u2019OCDE et le G20 devraient davantage promouvoir l\u2019adh\u00e9sion de tous \u00e0 la Convention multilat\u00e9rale pour la mise en \u0153uvre des mesures relatives aux conventions fiscales pour pr\u00e9venir l\u2019\u00e9rosion de la base d\u2019imposition et le transfert de b\u00e9n\u00e9fices. C\u2019est ce qui aidera \u00e0 faire payer l\u2019imp\u00f4t l\u00e0 o\u00f9 la richesse est cr\u00e9\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Je vous remercie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 19 September 2023 Dear colleagues, Mr. Secretary-General, Ladies and Gentlemen, The theme of this roundtable encapsulates the entire challenge of our countries\u2019 actions and their interactions to jointly\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2173,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,8,46],"tags":[],"msf_theme":[69],"msf_place":[77],"class_list":["post-2170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-publications","category-publications","category-speeches","msf_theme-development","msf_place-new-york-usa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2170"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2170\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2413,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2170\/revisions\/2413"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2170"},{"taxonomy":"msf_theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msf_theme?post=2170"},{"taxonomy":"msf_place","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mackysallfoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msf_place?post=2170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Monsieur le Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral,
Mesdames et Messieurs,<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n